GPU Passthrough in Proxmox VE: NVIDIA and AMD Setup

GPU Passthrough gives VMs native GPU performance for gaming, AI/ML, and rendering workloads. Requires IOMMU support (Intel VT-d / AMD-Vi) and vfio-pci isolation.

# Enable Intel IOMMU
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet intel_iommu=on iommu=pt"
update-grub && reboot

# Bind GPU to vfio-pci
echo "options vfio-pci ids=10de:2786,10de:22bc" > /etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf
update-initramfs -u -k all

# Add GPU to VM
qm set 100 --machine q35 --bios ovmf --hostpci0 01:00,pcie=1,x-vga=1